ABSTRACT
This work aimed to study the probiotics association in 144 piglets from birth to 62 days old. In lactation, the design was completely randomized with two treatments, CTL, 1 mL of distilled water and ProbA, 5g in 15 ml of distilled water, both orally, and in the nursery in randomized block design, with 2x3 factorial arrangement of treatments, ProbA ProbB: 30g/ton of ProbB in the ration; CTL ProbB: 30g/ton of ProbB in the ration; ProbA ProbA, CTL CTL; ProbA CHA (challenged); CTL CHA. At 35 days of age the animal of the nursery were inoculated with Salmonella typhimurium orally. There was no effect of the parameters evaluated during the maternity. In nursery, the feed conversion was favorable to the ProbA. In the evaluation of fecal score, the challenged group had more diarrhea and increased elimination of S. typhimurium. Results showed the positive action of probiotics when applied at birth by the direct influence on the formation of the intestinal microbiota.
ABSTRACT
Doze vacas leiteiras (³/4 Holandês x ¹/4 Gir) foram utilizadas em um delineamento em quadrado latino, nas dependências da Fazenda Raposo - Nepomuceno, MG, entre novembro de 2001 e abril de 2002 para comparar o efeito da substituição parcial e total do farelo de soja pela amiréia na produção e composição do leite. Os animais apresentavam peso médio de 443 kg e estavam na quarta lactação. A amiréia substituiu o farelo de soja nas seguintes proporções: 0 - 0 por cento de amiréia 150 S; 33 - 33 por cento de amiréia 150 S; 66 - 66 por cento de amiréia 150 S e 100 - 100 por cento de amiréia 150 S, sendo que todos tratamentos foram isoenergéticos e isoprotéicos. Utilizou-se a cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.) como volumoso "ad libitum". Cada período experimental teve duração de 15 dias, 9 dias para adaptação e 6 dias para coleta de dados. A produção de leite de cada vaca foi pesada nas duas ordenhas (manhã e tarde) e as amostras enviadas para análise de gordura, proteína, lactose, sólidos totais e uréia, pelo processo de infravermelho, junto à Clínica do Leite do Departamento de Produção Animal da ESALQ/USP. A gordura e sólidos totais do leite não foram influenciados pelos tratamentos (P>0,05). A produção de leite, a proteína, a lactose e a uréia do leite diferiram entre os tratamentos (P<0,05). Conclui-se que, nas condições deste experimento, é viável a substituição total do farelo de soja pela amiréia.
Twelve dairy cows (³/4 Hoslten x ¹/4 Gir) were used in a desing in Latin square, at Fazenda Raposo's dependences in Nepomuceno, MG, between November of 2001 and April of 2002 to compare the effect of the partial and total substitution of soybean meal for starea in the production and composition of milk. The medium weight of the animals was 443 kg and they were in the fourth nursing. The starea substituted soybean meal in the following proportions: 0 - 0 percent of starea 150 S; 33 - 33¨ percent of starea 150 S; 66 - 66 percent of starea 150 S and 100 - 100 percent of starea 150 S, and every treatments were isoenergetics and isoproteics. Sugar-cane (Saccharum officinarum L.) was used ad libitum as roughage. Each experimental period had the duration of 15 days being 9 days for adaptation and 6 days for collection of data. The milk production of each cow was weighed twice a day (morning and afternoon) and samples were sent for analysis of fat, protein, lactose, total solids and urea, by the infrared method, at the Clinic of the Milk of the Department of Animal Production at ESALQ/USP, in Piracicaba, SP. Fat and total solids of milk were not influenced by the treatments. The production of milk, protein, lactose and urea content of milk differed among the treatments (P<0.05). The results showed that it is viable the total substitution of soybean meal for starea.